Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MSc)

Department

Kinesiology and Physical Education

Faculty/School

Faculty of Science

First Advisor

Pamela Bryden

Advisor Role

Supervisor

Second Advisor

Paula Fletcher

Advisor Role

Supervisor

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Objective: The inclusion of persons with disabilities in mainstream sport remains underexplored with limited understanding of athlete experiences within Mixed Ability (MA) teams and the cohesion in these groups. This study aimed to explore athletes’ experiences on MA rugby teams in Ontario, with a focus on motivations for participation, perceived challenges, individual perceptions of team cohesion, and athlete satisfaction.

Methods: Participants completed an anonymous online questionnaire via Qualtrics, which included demographic items, open-ended questions, and two self-administered scales: the Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire (YSEQ) to measure team cohesion and the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (ASQ) to assess athlete satisfaction.

Results: Open-ended responses revealed participation in MA rugby was primarily driven by opportunities for social connection, belonging, and personal growth within an inclusive sport environment. Limited playing opportunities, communication issues, and structural barriers were identified as prominent challenges. Scores from the YSEQ indicated moderate levels of perceived team cohesion, while the ASQ results reflected high, relatively equitable satisfaction across disability status.

Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that MA rugby provides a positive and inclusive environment, with athletes motivated by a range of personal, social, and structural factors. Addressing systemic barriers and enhancing support at organizational and policy levels is necessary to strengthen inclusion and sustain participation.

Convocation Year

2026

Convocation Season

Spring

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